Evaluación de la eficiencia del copolímero de metacrilato de metilo/hidroxipropil metacrilato (MMA/HPMA) para la conservación de pinturas murales

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

Necrópolis Tebana, microscopía electrónica de barrido, témpera, microclima, inundaciones repentinas

Resumen

Este estudio investiga las pinturas murales de la tumba TT81 de la Dinastía XVIII, perteneciente a Ineni, situada en la Necrópolis Tebana, sitio inscrito en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO en Egipto. Se examinaron la composición, estructura y técnicas de las capas murales, así como los principales patrones de deterioro y los factores que contribuyen a ellos. El examen de secciones transversales, la estereomicroscopía y la microscopía electrónica de barrido permitieron evaluar la estratigrafía, los detalles de la capa pictórica y la microestructura. La difracción de rayos X identificó los pigmentos y cargas, mientras que el ATR-FTIR determinó el medio pictórico. Se evaluó la eficacia del copolímero de metacrilato de metilo/hidroxipropil metacrilato (MMA/HPMA) en la consolidación de murales sometidos a cambios microclimáticos bruscos. Las muestras tratadas con copolímero al 1 %, 2 % y 3 % fueron analizadas mediante microscopía, colorimetría y medición del ángulo de contacto con el agua. Los resultados revelaron el uso de témpera con cola animal y pigmentos como el azul egipcio, ocre verde, rojo y amarillo, y negro de carbón. El deterioro previo incluía cambios de coloración, agrietamiento, descamación, vandalismo y restauraciones antiguas con resina y aceite. El copolímero al 2 % –3 % consolidó eficazmente las capas, mejoró la resistencia al agua y minimizó las alteraciones visuales.

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Biografía del autor/a

Mahmoud Sayed Korany, Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt.

Mahmoud Sayed Korany is a member of the academic staff in the Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Luxor University. He holds an M.A. and a Ph.D. in Archaeological Conservation from Cairo University. He has supervised M.Sc. and Ph.D. theses in archaeological conservation and has published extensively in international peer-reviewed journals. He also serves as a reviewer for several international journals and as an editorial board member of a number of academic periodicals. He is the author of several books and has taught courses on the conservation and restoration of archaeological artifacts through part-time appointments at various faculties and institutes. In addition, he has participated in national and international research projects on cultural heritage preservation and management. He has also taken part in several restoration projects of historic buildings and in the conservation of museum artifacts, as well as in numerous archaeological excavation missions within and outside Egypt. Moreover, he is a member of the expert committees responsible for inspecting architecturally significant historic buildings and for developing conservation and management plans for archaeological sites in Egypt.

Wael Sabry Mohamed, Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

Wael Sabry Mohamed is a Professor in the Department of Polymers and Pigments at the National Research Centre. He holds a Ph.D. from the University of Stuttgart, Germany, specializing in the application of nanotechnology in polymers. He has served as principal investigator for numerous internal scientific projects and participated in several external and international projects. He has supervised many M.Sc. and Ph.D. theses and has authored over 100 publications in high-impact international journals. He has also presented at numerous international conferences, both in Egypt and abroad.

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Publicado

2026-02-17

Cómo citar

Sayed Korany, M., & Sabry Mohamed, W. (2026). Evaluación de la eficiencia del copolímero de metacrilato de metilo/hidroxipropil metacrilato (MMA/HPMA) para la conservación de pinturas murales. Ge-conservacion, 29(1), 51–63. Recuperado a partir de https://revista.ge-iic.com/index.php/revista/article/view/1454

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Vol. 29 Núm. 1 (2026): Ge-conservación Nº29

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